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Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in gingival tissue biopsy in patients with slowly/moderately and rapidly progressing periodontitis: An observational study
Papita Ghosh1, Thamil Selvan Muthuraj2, Prasanta Bandyopadhyay3, Snehasikta Swarnakar4, Puja Sarkar5, Abinaya Varatharajan6
1 Department of Periodontics, Dr R Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
2 Department of Periodontics, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
3 Department of Periodontics, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
4 Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
5 Department of Dental, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
6 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Madhuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
Correspondence Address:
Thamil Selvan Muthuraj
PerioPlanet, 29/4, C-1, O Trunk Road, Sattur TK, Viruthunager - 626 203, Tamil Nadu
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_811_20
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Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of host-derived zinc-dependent enzymes which mediates the destruction of the extracellular matrix. In periodontitis, there is excess production of MMPs associated with periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to estimate the level MMP-9 in both active and latent form in gingival tissue (GT) samples collected from periodontitis patients with different rates of progression and compare it with healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were selected and divided into three groups, 20 each: Group A (slowly/moderately progressing periodontitis), Group B (rapidly progressing periodontitis), and Group C (clinical periodontal health). Plaque index, gingival index, periodontal probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level were recorded. GT samples were collected from all 60 patients and MMP-9 expressions were measured using gelatin zymography and western blotting. Results: Levels of active MMP-9 (aMMP-9) and latent MMP-9 (lMMP-9) were significantly high in both Group A (GA) (aMMP-9: 2.05 arbitrary unit [AU]/lMMP-9: 2.54 AU) and Group B (GB) (aMMP-9: 1.32 AU/lMMP-9: 1.74 AU) when compared to that of Group C (GC) (aMMP-9: 0.93/lMMP-9: 1.08 AU). In GA, levels of aMMP-9 showed a significant correlation with PPD values. No other correlations were found. Conclusion: The levels of aMMP-9 and lMMP-9 were increased in both the types of periodontitis when compared with periodontally healthy individuals. A significant correlation was found between PPD and activities of aMMP-9 in slowly/moderately progressing periodontitis patients. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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